Prediksi Modulus Elastisitas Batuan Utuh dan Modulus Deformasi Massa Batuan dari Kurva Perilaku Konstitutif
Prediction of Modulus of Elasticity of Intact Rock and Rock Mass Deformation Modulus from Constitutive Behavior Curves
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36873/jjms.v1i2.214Keywords:
batuan utuh, massa batuan, mekanika batuan, modulus deformasi, modulus elastisitasAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi nilai modulus elastisitas batuan utuh dan modulus deformasi massa batuan. Pemboran inti pada batulempung di kedalaman 35, 42, dan 60 meter serta batubara di kedalaman 164 dan 181 meter telah dilakukan untuk mendapatkan contoh batu berbentuk silinder. Kemudian gaya diukur dan perpindahan titik diamati selama contoh diuji kuat tekan uniaksial. Selanjutnya regangan dan tegangan dihitung untuk membangun kurva perilaku konstitutif. Modulus elastisitas batuan utuh diprediksi dari Modulus Young Rata-rata karena tipe kurva tegangan-regangan contoh batubara dan batulempung yang diuji termasuk fase elastik pendek. Modulus deformasi massa batuan diprediksi dari Modulus Young Sekan yang diukur dari tegangan nol sampai lima puluh persen dari tegangan puncak. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Modulus Young contoh batubara 0.30 dan 0.44 GigaPascal (GPa), sedangkan contoh batulempung 3.92, 4.14, dan 4.28 GPa. Modulus deformasi massa batuan batubara diprediksi 0.11 dan 0.35 GPa, sedangkan modulus deformasi massa batuan batulempung diprediksi 2.40, 3.86, dan 4.46 GPa. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa batuan sedimen di Formasi Tanjung Kalimantan Selatan memiliki karakteristik modulus deformasi massa batuan yang 20-63% kurang dari modulus elastisitas batuan utuh. Mengingat studi mengenai topik tersebut masih terbatas jumlahnya, data empiris yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini sangat berharga untuk berbagai kepentingan di bidang mekanika batuan. Contoh terapannya yaitu modulus deformasi massa batuan sebagai parameter masukan pada analisis tegangan-regangan di sekitar bukaan tambang bawah tanah menggunakan permodelan numerik, penilaian kondisi tegangan insitu dan distribusi tegangan terinduksi melalui pemantauan pergerakan massa batuan, atau perhitungan energi regangan dari ledakan batuan (rock bursts).
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