Journal Magister Ilmu Ekonomi Universtas Palangka Raya : GROWTH

Indonesia’s Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Export Dynamics: A 2000–2024 Perspective

Nadia Lasa Martalita — 2025-06-23

Indonesia is the world’s leading exporter of palm oil, fulfilling approximately 52% of global demand. The export of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) serves as a strategic component of the country's agro-based industry and remains the largest contributor to non-oil and gas foreign exchange earnings. Despite its significance, there remains limited empirical research examining the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Domestic Investment (DI), and the exchange rate on Indonesia’s CPO export value, particularly over the period 2000 to 2024. This study aims to fill that gap by employing secondary time series data sourced from the World Bank, Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik), and Bank Indonesia. The research applies a multiple linear regression analysis using the EViews 12 statistical software. The results reveal that FDI has a positive and statistically significant effect on Indonesia’s CPO export value. In contrast, Domestic Investment and the exchange rate show no significant partial influence. However, when analyzed simultaneously, FDI, DI, and exchange rate collectively exert a significant impact on CPO export performance. Furthermore, the analysis of export value trends from 2000 to 2024 shows a generally positive trajectory, highlighting the continued importance of policy support and investment in maintaining Indonesia's dominance in the global palm oil market.

Uncovering the Appeal of Bukit Lubang Kilat: Factors Shaping Tourist Visits in Delang Subdistrict

Evana Saskia Monicha — 2025-06-23

This study investigates the effect of travel costs, income, distance, and age on the number of tourist visits to Bukit Lubang Kilat, a natural tourism destination located in Delang Subdistrict, Lamandau Regency. Employing a quantitative descriptive approach, the research was conducted over the period of February to March 2023. Primary data were gathered directly from visitors and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the support of SPSS software. The findings reveal that travel cost and distance have a negative and statistically significant effect on the number of visits, indicating that higher expenses and longer distances discourage tourists from visiting. In contrast, income has a positive and significant effect, suggesting that individuals with higher income levels are more likely to visit the destination. The age variable, however, shows no significant effect, indicating that tourist age does not substantially influence their decision to visit Bukit Lubang Kilat. Despite age being insignificant individually, the simultaneous test results indicate that travel costs, income, distance, and age collectively have a significant influence on tourist visit numbers. These results emphasize the importance of economic and geographical considerations in tourism planning, especially in remote or rural areas. To enhance tourist attraction to Bukit Lubang Kilat, local governments and tourism managers should focus on reducing travel-related burdens by improving access, infrastructure, and offering incentives. Additionally, marketing strategies should target higher-income tourists while ensuring affordability and accessibility for broader segments. This research contributes to understanding the determinants of tourist behavior in rural tourism contexts and supports evidence-based policy for sustainable tourism development.

The Triple Impact of Tourism: Economic Growth, Cultural Dynamics, and Environmental Change

Ahmad Faiz Amin — 2025-06-23

Tourism has emerged as one of the fastest-growing global sectors, offering substantial contributions to economic development, cultural preservation, and environmental awareness. However, its rapid expansion also presents significant challenges across these dimensions. This study employs a literature review approach to critically analyze the multidimensional impacts of tourism on economic, socio-cultural, and environmental sectors. Economically, tourism stimulates growth through employment generation, local income enhancement, and foreign exchange earnings. Nonetheless, it may also lead to economic leakage, income inequality, and overdependence on seasonal demand. From a socio-cultural perspective, tourism can promote cultural heritage, strengthen local identity, and encourage intercultural exchange. Yet, it simultaneously risks cultural commodification, erosion of traditional values, and potential social conflict between locals and visitors. Environmentally, tourism raises public awareness about conservation and supports environmental protection efforts through eco-tourism initiatives. Despite this, unregulated tourism can cause serious environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and overtourism, especially in fragile ecosystems. The findings emphasize the urgent need for sustainable tourism governance that balances economic benefits with social equity and environmental stewardship. Strategic planning, community involvement, policy enforcement, and responsible visitor management are essential to ensure that tourism remains a force for positive transformation rather than a driver of irreversible harm. This review underscores that without sustainability at its core, tourism’s benefits may be short-lived and come at high social and ecological costs.

Understanding the Poverty Puzzle in Central Kalimantan: A Regional Economic Perspective

Ibnu Wardhana — 2025-06-23

This study aims to provide an empirical explanation of the factors influencing poverty in Central Kalimantan Province by adopting a regional economic perspective. The research employs a panel data regression method, which combines cross-sectional and time-series data, analyzed using EViews 9 software. The variables examined include population size, unemployment rate, human development index, and income distribution inequality, with poverty rate as the dependent variable. The findings reveal that population size has a positive and statistically significant effect on poverty in Central Kalimantan, indicating that an increase in population tends to exacerbate poverty levels. In contrast, unemployment is found to have a positive but statistically insignificant impact, suggesting that joblessness alone may not be a strong standalone predictor of poverty in the region. The human development index exhibits a negative and significant relationship with poverty, confirming that improvements in education, health, and living standards effectively reduce poverty levels. Interestingly, income inequality, as measured by the Gini index, shows a negative but insignificant influence on poverty, implying that disparities in income distribution do not strongly affect poverty rates in this context. Collectively, the four variables—population, unemployment, human development index, and income inequality—are found to significantly influence poverty when considered together. These results underscore the importance of integrated regional development strategies that target not only economic growth but also improvements in human capital and demographic management to combat poverty effectively in Central Kalimantan.

Macroeconomic Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Indonesia: The Role of GDP, Inflation, and Exchange Rate (1990–2023)

Tri Ulan Dari — 2025-06-23

This study explores the influence of key macroeconomic indicators—Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation, and exchange rate—on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in Indonesia from 1990 to 2023. Using the Error Correction Model (ECM), the research analyzes both long-term and short-term dynamics to offer a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between these variables and FDI performance. The results show that GDP has a significant positive effect on FDI in both time horizons, reinforcing the notion that economic growth enhances investor confidence and market potential. In contrast, inflation does not exhibit a significant effect on FDI, suggesting that investors may perceive inflation in Indonesia as relatively stable and manageable. The exchange rate demonstrates a dual effect: it negatively affects FDI in the long term, indicating that prolonged currency depreciation deters investment, while in the short term, it positively influences FDI, as a weaker rupiah may reduce investment costs. Diagnostic tests confirm the reliability and validity of the regression model, including the absence of multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation. The study concludes that GDP and exchange rate stability are crucial for attracting and sustaining foreign investment, while inflation remains a less decisive factor in the Indonesian context. These findings offer practical implications for policymakers to prioritize macroeconomic stability and growth-oriented strategies to enhance Indonesia’s competitiveness as an FDI destination.