PERAN AGEN HAYATI ASAL RIZOSFER DAN ENDOFIT MENEKAN PENYAKIT BUSUK SKLEROTIUM ROLFSII BAWANG DAUN DI MEDIA GAMBUT (Role of Rhizosphere and Endophytes Biological Agents to Supress Sclerotium rolfsii Rot Disease on Scallions in the Peat Media)

Mulyani, R. B.,1*), Usup, A.,1), Supriati, L1), dan Ramlan1)

Abstract

ABSTRACT
The Sclerotium Rot Disease is highly destructive to the scallions cultivation in the peat soil. The
antagonistic fungi isolated from the rhizosphere and the endophytes of healthy plants, have been
proven to be able to reduce Sclerotium rolfsii. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
characteristics of antagonistic fungi from rhizosphere and endophytes of Scallions to S. rolfsii in- vitro in the laboratory. The purpose of this study was also to perform the suppression test on the
intensity of Sclerotium rolfsiiRot Disease in planta in the peat media in the screen house. This
research it was shown that genus Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillusas antagonistic fungi, were
identified from the endophytes, meanwhile genus Trichoderma, Penicillium dan Aspergillus sp. were identified from the rhizosphere. Trichoderma Rz-1 and Trichoderma Rz-3 isolated from the
rhizosphere was shown to have the highest antagonistic activity by 94,4 %, followed by Aspergillus
Ed-2, which was isolated from the endophytes by 83,8%. In planta on peat media, Trichoderma
Rz-1 was capable to demonstrate 82,19% of antagonistic effect and it could suppress Sclerotium
Rot Diseasehence it produced the fresh weight of the plant highest to 19gcluster-1
. Taken together,
the result of this study showed that Trichoderma Rz-1 isolated from rhizosphere has been proven to
be the most beneficial to reduce the Sclerotium rolfsii on Scallions as a biological control agent,
especially in peat soils.
Keywords: biocontrol, rhizosphere,endophyte, scallions, Sclerotium rolfsii