ANALISIS RISIKO KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN (K3) PADA PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE FMEA DAN DECISION TREE ANALYSIS

Abstract

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks associated with building structural work require systematic management, as they have the potential to cause workplace accidents and disrupt project execution. This study aims to: identify potential failure modes in structural work, analyze risk levels using the FMEA method based on RPN value, and  analyze alternative risk mitigation strategy recommendations using the Decision Tree Analysis method regarding the reduction of RPN. The study employs a predictive, quantitative-descriptive approach, utilizing a case study of the SDN Kalibata building construction project in Palangka Raya City. Data collection involved direct field observations, structured interviews, and the distribution of questionnaires to Site Engineers, Civil Inspectors, Site Supervisors, and executors. Identification results revealed 49 potential failure modes across rebar, formwork, and concrete pouring activities. FMEA analysis categorized the risks as follows: 9 in the "Very Much" category (RPN 100–500), 34 in the "Much" category (RPN 50–100), and 6 in the "Medium" category (RPN 10–50). The highest risk was identified in slab formwork operations, with an RPN of 158.84. DTA analysis indicated that the recommended mitigation strategies could potentially reduce RPN values ​​for all dominant risks, with a maximum potential reduction of 143.84 points and a minimum of 86.38 points. The combination of FMEA and DTA proved to be an effective tool for managing OHS risks in building construction projects.