Studi Literatur Infeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) pada Anak: Pemeriksaan Laboratorium dan Risiko Kematian
Keywords:
Soil-Transmitted Helminths, infection, laboratory examination, mortality risk, childrenAbstract
Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infections represent a global health problem, imposing a substantial burden
on children due to poor sanitation. This literature review aims to analyze laboratory examinations in STH infections
among children and their association with mortality risk. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review method
through searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords, restricted to publications from
the past ten years. The findings indicate that Ascaris lumbricoides frequently causes acute complications such as
mechanical asphyxia and intestinal obstruction, which may lead to death if not promptly managed. Trichuris trichiura
infection can result in chronic complications including dysentery syndrome, severe anemia, stunting, and malnutrition,
all of which increase the risk of mortality in children. Meanwhile, hookworm infection may lead to severe anemia and
hypoalbuminemia in children. Laboratory examinations such as stool microscopy, histopathology, radiology, and
ultrasonography are essential for establishing diagnosis, assessing disease severity, and guiding therapy. In conclusion,
early detection of STH infections through laboratory investigations plays a critical role in preventing serious
complications and reducing mortality risk in children, underscoring the need for strategies that extend beyond deworming
programs to include nutritional improvement and the management of comorbid conditions.
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