Kemenangan Partai Populis Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) dari Partai Dinasti Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) dan Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) Pada Pemilihan Umum Pakistan 2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37304/jispar.v14i2.15018Keywords:
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), Populis, Pemilihan UmumAbstract
Sebagai partai populis, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) berhasil mengakhiri dominasi panjang dari Partai Dinasti Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) dan Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) yang telah berkuasa selama puluhan tahun. Keberhasilan PTI didorong oleh rekam jejak populisnya, baik dalam bentuk retorika, kebijakan politik, maupun aksi di luar pemerintahan. Imran Khan selaku pemimpin PTI memanfaatkan situasi kekecewaan masyarakat terhadap pemerintahan PML-N dan PPP yang dianggap tidak kompeten dalam menangani berbagai isu korupsi, nepotisme, serta kebijakan yang tidak merata. Dalam hal ini, Imran Khan memposisikan PTI sebagai alternatif dari berbagai isu tersebut. Pada penelitian, artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis data-data sekunder berupa artikel, jurnal, video, dan buku terkait untuk menganalisis populisme PTI sejak awal berdiri hingga kemenangannya pada pemilihan umum 2018. Artikel ini juga menggunakan studi kepartaian untuk menganalisis secara deskriptif mengenai perbedaan antara PTI dengan PML-N dan PPP. Secara lebih lanjut, artikel ini menggunakan teori populisme (Mudde dan Kaltwasser, 2017) yang menyatakan populisme adalah fenomena politik yang muncul sebagai respons terhadap kondisi struktural tertentu dalam masyarakat. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan PTI tidak hanya didasarkan pada strategi kampanye yang efektif, tetapi juga terdapat momentum dalam lanskap politik Pakistan yang memungkinkan partai populis seperti PTI mendapat sorotan publik secara signifikan hingga akhirnya memenangkan pemilihan umum tahun 2018.
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