ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM REKLAMASI TAMBANG BATU GAMPING DALAM PEMULIHAN FUNGSI LINGKUNGAN DI SUMATERA SELATAN
EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF LIMESTONE MINING RECLAMATION PROGRAMS IN THE RECOVERY OF ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTIONS IN SOUTH SUMATRA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36873/jtp.v26i2.26355Keywords:
Batu Gamping, Reklamasi Tambang, Revegetasi, Tambang TerbukaAbstract
Kegiatan penambangan terbuka batu gamping berpotensi menimbulkan degradasi lingkungan berupa perubahan bentang alam, penurunan kualitas tanah, serta meningkatnya risiko erosi dan sedimentasi. Oleh karena itu, reklamasi tambang menjadi instrumen utama dalam pemulihan fungsi lingkungan lahan bekas tambang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas rencana program reklamasi tambang batu gamping PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk. Pada periode 2025–2029 berdasarkan kriteria teknis reklamasi. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui analisis deskriptif kuantitatif terhadap dokumen rencana reklamasi, meliputi penataan lahan, penebaran tanah pucuk, pengendalian erosi dan sedimentasi, serta revegetasi. Luas lahan yang direncanakan untuk reklamasi mencapai 75,7 ha, dengan penebaran tanah pucuk seluas 27,47 ha dan revegetasi pada area disposal seluas 27,47 ha menggunakan tanaman lokal unggulan buah rukam dengan jarak tanam 8 × 8 m. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa desain reklamasi telah memenuhi standar teknis Kepmen ESDM Nomor 1827 K/30/MEM/2018, dengan target kerapatan tajuk ≥80%, kemiringan lereng maksimum 30°, serta sistem pengendalian erosi berupa saluran drainase dan kolam pengendap. Program reklamasi ini berpotensi efektif dalam memulihkan stabilitas lahan, mengendalikan erosi, dan mengembalikan fungsi ekologis lahan bekas tambang secara berkelanjutan.
Kata kunci: Batu Gamping, Reklamasi Tambang, Revegetasi, Tambang Terbuka
Downloads
References
Agboola, O., Babatunde, D. E., Isaac Fayomi, O. S., Sadiku, E. R., Popoola, P., Moropeng, L., Yahaya, A., & Mamudu, O. A. (2020). A review on the impact of mining operation: Monitoring, assessment and management. Results in Engineering, 8(October), 100181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2020.100181
Anafiati, I. A. (2021). Reklamasi Tahap Operasi Pada Tambang Batugamping Up . Parno Reclamation of Mining Operation Stage on Up . Parno Limestone Mining in Karangasem , Ponjong , Gunungkidul , Special Region of Yogyakarta. Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan, 21(2), 43–50.
Asr, E. T., Kakaie, R., Ataei, M., & Tavakoli Mohammadi, M. R. (2019). A review of studies on sustainable development in mining life cycle. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 213–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.029
Buondonno, A., Capra, G. F., Di Palma, D., Grilli, E., & Vigliotti, R. C. (2018). Pedotechnologies for the Environmental Reclamation of limestone quarries. A protocol proposal. Land Use Policy, 71(December 2017), 230–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.12.002
Clemente, A. S., Werner, C., Máguas, C., Cabral, M. S., Martins-Loução, M. A., & Correia, O. (2004). Restoration of a limestone quarry: effect of soil amendments on the establishment of native Mediterranean sclerophyllous shrubs. Restoration Ecology, 12(1), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.00256.x
ESDM. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 07 Tahun 2014 tentang Pelaksanaan Reklamasi dan Pascatambang pada Kegiatan Usaha Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara.
ESDM. (2018). Keputusan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 1827 K/30/MEM/2018, Lampiran VI: Pedoman Pelaksanaan Reklamasi dan Pascatambang serta Pascakegiatan Operasi pada Kegiatan Usaha Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara.
Getty, R., & Morrison-Saunders, A. (2020). Evaluating the effectiveness of integrating the environmental impact assessment and mine closure planning processes. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 82(September 2019), 106366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2020.106366
Gunn, J., & Bailey, D. (1993). Limestone quarrying and quarry reclamation in Britain. Environmental Geology, 21(3), 167–172. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00775301
Lai, F., Beylot, A., Navarro, R., Schimek, P., Hartlieb, P., Johansson, D., Segarra, P., Amor, C., & Villeneuve, J. (2021). The environmental performance of mining operations: Comparison of alternative mining solutions in a life cycle perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 315(October 2020), 128030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128030
Manero, A., Kragt, M., Standish, R., Miller, B., Jasper, D., Boggs, G., & Young, R. (2020). A framework for developing completion criteria for mine closure and rehabilitation. Journal of Environmental Management, 273(July), 111078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111078
Monteiro, N. B. R., Bezerra, A. K. L., Moita Neto, J. M., & Silva, E. A. Da. (2021). Mining law: In search of sustainable mining. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020867
Nestìo, A., D’Ambrosio, G., Ghisellini, P., Maselli, G., & Ulgiati, S. (2024). Environmental reclamation of limestone mining sites in Italy: Financial evaluation, challenges and proposals for sustainable development. Resources Policy, 89, 104534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.104534
Nourddine, M., Anas, Z., El Habti, M. Y., & Abdelkrim, E. A. (2025). Development of a standard model for quarry rehabilitation enabling their integration into the natural environment: Case study. Ecological Engineering and Environmental Technology, 26(9), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/209235
Peraturan Pemerintah. (2001). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air.
Peraturan Undang-Undang. (2020). Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara.
Rahmi, H., Susetyo, D., & Juniah, R. (2019). Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability Utilization Study of Void Mine For Sustainable Environment of The Limestone Mining Sector at PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk. https://doi.org/11.26554/ijems.2219.3.2.54-59
Saleem, H. A., & Ayalew, A. T. (2025). Enhancing environmental sustainability and operational efficiency in a case study of limestone quarry in an arid climate. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 18884. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-01230-9
Salom, A. T., & Kivinen, S. (2020). Closed and abandoned mines in Namibia: a critical review of environmental impacts and constraints to rehabilitation. South African Geographical Journal, 102(3), 389–405. https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2019.1698450
Sari, A. S., Ediwana, A. B., & Pangestika, A. D. (2019). Reklamasi Lahan Bekas Penambangan Batugamping Kab. Tuban, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Dalam Prosiding Seminar Teknologi Kebumian dan Kelautan (SEMITAN) (Vol. 1, No. 1, hal. 22–31). https://doi.org/10.31284/j.semitan.2019.822
Talento, K., Amado, M., & Kullberg, J. C. (2020). Quarries: From abandoned to renewed places. Land, 9(5), 136. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9050136
Tully, G. N., Holt, O., Yellishetty, M., Farrelly, M. A., Whittle, D., & Bach, P. M. (2026). Opportunities for social sustainability through local governance of mine and quarry restoration. The Extractive Industries and Society, 25, 101797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2025.101797
Végsőová, O. G., & Glova, J. (2025). Methodological Framework for Evaluating Quarry Reclamation Based on the Reclamation Quality Index. Land, 14(8), 1557. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14081557
Yunandar, Y. Status Kualitas Perairan dan Biota pada Bekas Galian Tambang Void Tertutup Pit 4 Pinang Kecamatan Sungai Pinang Kabupaten Banjar. EnviroScienteae, 8(1), 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v8i1.2068
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Andrawina, Qurratul A’yun, Venty Lestari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
