Determinants of regency / municipality poverty in Central Kalimantan: A panel data analysis, 2020–2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52300/grow.v12i1.26134Keywords:
poverty, economic growth, HDI, open unemployment, regional expenditure, panel data, Central KalimantanAbstract
This study examines the effects of economic growth, the Human Development Index (HDI), the open unemployment rate, the population growth rate, and regional expenditure on poverty levels across regencies/municipalities in Central Kalimantan Province. The study uses panel data for 14 regencies/municipalities over the 2020–2024 period, yielding 70 observations. The analysis uses panel data regression with pooled, fixed-effect, and random-effect model selection procedures. Because the Wooldridge test indicates autocorrelation in the panel data, the final inference is re-estimated using clustered robust standard errors at the regency/municipality level. The results show that HDI has a negative and significant effect on poverty, whereas regional expenditure has a positive and significant effect. Economic growth has a positive but statistically insignificant coefficient. The open unemployment rate and the population growth rate both have negative and insignificant coefficients. Overall, the model remains statistically significant, confirming that regional poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon that is more sensitive to the quality of human development and the effectiveness of public expenditure
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