PERANCANGAN ULANG RANGKA DEPALLETIZER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEKAKUAN DAN MENURUNKAN TEGANGAN DI PT X
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37304/jptm.v7i2.24917Keywords:
Depalletizer Frame Structure, Von Mises Stress, Hollow Profile Frame, Finite Element Analysis (FEA)Abstract
The depalletizer frame structure plays a crucial role in maintaining system motion stability during material handling processes in production lines. The existing frame design utilizes angle steel (open section), which has lower moment of inertia and torsional stiffness compared to closed sections, making it prone to larger deformation under operational loading. This study aims to redesign the depalletizer frame structure by replacing the angle section with a hollow (closed section) profile made of ASTM A36 steel and to evaluate its structural performance using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The main contribution of this study is the quantitative demonstration that the use of hollow sections significantly improves the structural stiffness of the depalletizer frame. The results show a reduction in maximum displacement of 79.97%, from 2.86 mm to 0.573 mm under the most critical loading condition, and a reduction in von Mises stress of 29.13%, from 162 MPa to 114.817 MPa. In addition, the safety factor increases from 1.54 to a minimum of 2.18. Fatigue analysis indicates that the redesigned structure achieves a total life of 1,000,000 cycles, representing a significant improvement of 26.6% compared to the existing design, which has a minimum total life of 790,075.8 cycles. For all loading variations, the displacement values remain below the critical limit of 1.0 mm and the minimum safety factor exceeds 1.5, indicating that the redesigned structure satisfies the required stiffness and operational safety criteria. These findings demonstrate that the use of hollow sections provides design advantages in terms of increased structural stiffness, simplified frame configuration, reduced number of welded joints, and improved reliability and stability of depalletizer systems.
Downloads
References
Al-Qasem, I., Rasem Hasan, A., Abdulwahid, M., & Galobardes, I. (2018). Comparison between Analytical Equation and Numerical Methods for Determining Shear Stress in a Cantilever Beam. Civil Engineering Journal, 4(2), 258–265. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-030989
Budynas, R. G., & Keith, J. (2014). Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design 10th Edition.
Buongiorno, D., Caramia, D., Di Ruscio, L., Longo, N., Panicucci, S., Di Stefano, G., Bevilacqua, V., & Brunetti, A. (2022). Object Detection for Industrial Applications: Training Strategies for AI-Based Depalletizer. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211581
Erbaş, Y., & Alyavuz, B. (2022). Comparison Of Analytical And Finite Element Solutions Of Low Velocity Impact Problem for Simply Supported Beam.
Handayani, T., Irawadi Balai Besar Teknologi Kekuatan Struktur -BPPT Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Y., & -Tangerang, S. (2013). Analisis Lendutan Balok Beton Secara Eksperimental dan Metode Elemen Hingga Sesuai SNI 2847 : 2013 (Tri Handayani, Yudi Irawadi) Analisis Lendutan Balok Beton Secara Eksperimental Dan Metode Elemen Hingga Sesuai Sni 2847 : 2013 Analysis Of Concrete Beam Deflection By Experimentally And Finite Element Method Based On Sni 2847: 2013.
Kumar, R., Hooda, Y., & Ranjan, R. (2023). Comparative analysis of transmission line towers for angle section and square hollow section structural configuration in Indian context. Materials Today: Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATPR.2023.04.405
Kureshi, S., & Desai, H. (2017). Review of Comparison Between Closed Hollow Steel Section and Convertional Steel Section for Foot Over Bridge with Different Truss Configuration. International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development, 4(11).
Macharia, S., & Kohiro, J. (2025, November 23). SiliconWit | SiliconWit. https://siliconwit.com/ja/education/mechanics-of-materials/beam-deflections-stiffness-analysis/
McKinstray, R., Lim, J. B. P., Tanyimboh, T. T., Phan, D. T., & Sha, W. (2015). Optimal design of long-span steel portal frames using fabricated beams. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 104, 104–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.10.010
Merticaru, E., Merticaru, V., Nagîț, G., Mihalache, A. M., Tăbăcaru, L. L., & Rîpanu, M. I. (2023). Analytical, Numerical and Experimental Analysis of a Positive Displacement Cam Mechanism—A Case Study. Machines, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11070770
Nora, R. R., Masud, U. D., & Maske, R. G. (2015). Comparison between Conventional (Angular) Steel Section and Tubular Steel Section. www.ijera.com
Patil, H., & Jeyakarthikeyan, P. V. (2018). Mesh convergence study and estimation of discretization error of hub in clutch disc with integration of ANSYS. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 402(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/402/1/012065
Prastianto, R. W., Syahroni, N., Syalsabila, F., & Rozi, M. F. (2024). Bending load effects on stress concentration factor distribution of multi-planar DTKY tubular joints. E3S Web of Conferences, 483. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448303018
Pratiwi, W. P., Ibrahim, B., Mohammad, D., Daryaly, H., Rekayasa, P. T., Manufaktur, P., Teknik, J., Bandung, M., Rekayasa, P., & Mekanik, P. (2025). Perancangan Semi Automatic Material Handling and Feeding Machine pada Industri Pembuatan Baut. Jurnal Teknik: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Aplikasi Teknik, 24(01), 66–74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55893/jt.vol24no1.696
Rifai, A. I., Endriansah, D., Prasetijo, J., & Isradi, M. (2024). The Corrosion Effect of Gusset Plates on the Steel Joint Structure of Bridges: A literature review based on VOS viewer (hlm. 386–398). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-384-9_35
Sitanggang, A. P., & Manurung, E. H. (2025). Perancanaan Balok Lentur Tanpa Pengaku Lateral. 2(7), 3320–3327.
Supriyanto, A., & Yunianto, J. (2016). Pengaruh Bentuk Penampang Batang Struktur Terhadap Tegangan dan Defleksi Oleh Beban Bending.
Susanti, S. D., Sutopo, W., & Ngadiman, N. H. A. (2021). Equipment Replacement Analysis from Manual Line to Automatic Line in Palletizing Activities: A Case Study. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1096(1), 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1096/1/012011
Yue, Z., Wen, Q., & Ding, Y. (2022). Research on Torsional Characteristic and Stiffness Reinforcement of Main Girder of Half-Through Truss Bridge. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116628
Zaccaria, F., Baldassarri, A., Palli, G., & Carricato, M. (2021). A Mobile Robotized System for Depalletizing Applications: Design and Experimentation. IEEE Access, 9, 96682–96691. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3092580
Zgonnik, P. V., Kuzhaeva, A. A., & Berlinskiy, I. V. (2022). The Study of Metal Corrosion Resistance near Weld Joints When Erecting Building and Structures Composed of Precast Structures. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052518
