Silence in Group Processes: A Literature Review of Emotion Regulation, Social Relationship Structures, and Group Cohesion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37304/pandohop.v6i2.25395Keywords:
silence, emotion regulation, social relationship structures, group cohesion, group counselingAbstract
Silence in group counseling is often perceived as a communication barrier; however, it has the potential to function as a mechanism for emotion regulation and the development of adaptive group dynamics. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of silence in group processes by highlighting its role in emotion regulation, social relationship structures, and group cohesion. This study employed a qualitative approach using an integrative literature review method, which combines empirical findings and theoretical studies related to silence in group processes. The literature search was conducted through academic databases, including Google Scholar and DOAJ, covering publications from 2014 to 2024. The inclusion criteria consisted of articles discussing silence, emotion regulation, nonverbal communication, and group dynamics. Data were analyzed using thematic synthesis techniques to identify key patterns and themes. The findings indicate that silence is a multidimensional phenomenon influenced by the interaction between intrapersonal and interpersonal factors. Silence can function as an emotion regulation strategy, reflect power dynamics within a group, and be influenced by the level of psychological safety and group cohesion. In certain contexts, silence can be constructive as a space for reflection; however, in other conditions, it may serve as a form of self-protection against social pressure. This study recommends the importance of building psychological safety and group cohesion, developing sensitivity to the meaning of silence, and integrating silence as part of intervention strategies in group counseling.
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