Pengalaman Hidup Individu Dengan Kepribadian Avoidant: Studi Fenomenologi Dalam Bimbingan Dan Konseling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37304/pandohop.v6i1.24624Kata Kunci:
Kepribadian, Avoidant, Kecemasan, Pengalaman Hidup, FenomenologiAbstrak
Kepribadian avoidant ditandai oleh kecenderungan menghindari interaksi sosial, perasaan rendah diri, serta ketakutan yang intens terhadap kritik dan penolakan. Kondisi ini tidak hanya memengaruhi relasi interpersonal, tetapi juga berdampak pada fungsi psikologis dan kualitas hidup individu. Kajian mengenai kepribadian avoidant dalam bidang Bimbingan dan Konseling masih didominasi oleh pendekatan kuantitatif dan pengukuran gejala, sehingga pemahaman mengenai pengalaman subjektif individu dari sudut pandang orang pertama masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi secara mendalam pengalaman hidup individu dengan kepribadian avoidant menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis melalui desain Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Dua partisipan dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling dan diwawancarai secara mendalam dengan format semiterstruktur. Data dianalisis melalui proses pembacaan berulang, pencatatan awal (initial noting), pengembangan tema emergen, dan pengelompokan ke dalam tema superordinat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepribadian avoidant berkembang dari pengalaman emosional yang tidak terpenuhi, seperti pola asuh yang kurang suportif dan pengalaman kehilangan figur signifikan, yang memicu kecemasan sosial, pikiran negatif, serta perilaku menghindar sebagai strategi koping terhadap potensi evaluasi negatif. Dukungan sosial yang konsisten serta strategi kognitif-perilaku membantu meningkatkan kesadaran diri, regulasi emosi, dan keberanian individu untuk mulai membuka diri dalam relasi sosial. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi layanan konseling, khususnya dalam pengembangan asesmen berbasis pengalaman hidup, pembentukan relasi terapeutik yang empatik, serta perancangan intervensi yang kontekstual dan berorientasi pada pemaknaan subjektif klien.
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