Group Counseling in Virtual Spaces: Innovation, Ethics, and Professional Challenges
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37304/pandohop.v6i2.25402Keywords:
virtual group counselling, group dynamics, ethical issue, technological innovation, professional challengesAbstract
The development of information technology has transformed guidance and counseling practices into virtual spaces, requiring counselors to adapt to the implementation of digital services. This study aims to examine the dynamics of group counseling in virtual spaces by highlighting technological innovation, interaction dynamics, ethical issues, and the professional challenges faced by counselors. This study employed a literature review method by reviewing 21 scientific articles from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases published between 2018 and 2026. The findings indicate that the use of digital platforms such as Zoom, Google Meet, WhatsApp, and virtual reality-based technology can improve the accessibility, flexibility, and reach of group counseling services. However, virtual group counseling also faces several challenges, including limitations in nonverbal communication, potential digital fatigue, technical barriers, and ethical risks related to data confidentiality and client privacy. In addition, counselors are required to possess digital competence, technological adaptability, and an understanding of professional ethics in managing group dynamics in online settings. Therefore, virtual group counseling does not merely transfer face-to-face services into digital spaces; it also requires the integration of counseling skills, group interaction management, and the professional use of technology.
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