Keheningan dalam Proses Kelompok: Kajian Literatur tentang Regulasi Emosi, Struktur Relasi Sosial, dan Kohesivitas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37304/pandohop.v6i2.25395Kata Kunci:
keheningan, regulasi emosi, struktur relasi sosial, kohesivitas kelompok, konseling kelompokAbstrak
Keheningan dalam proses konseling kelompok sering kali dipersepsikan sebagai hambatan komunikasi, padahal keheningan memiliki potensi sebagai mekanisme regulasi emosi dan pembentukan dinamika kelompok yang adaptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam fenomena keheningan dalam proses kelompok dengan menyoroti perannya dalam regulasi emosi, struktur relasi sosial, dan kohesivitas kelompok. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode integrative literature review yang menggabungkan temuan empiris dan kajian teoretis terkait keheningan dalam proses kelompok. Proses penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui basis data akademik, seperti Google Scholar dan DOAJ, dengan rentang publikasi 2014–2024. Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel yang membahas keheningan, regulasi emosi, komunikasi nonverbal, serta dinamika kelompok. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik sintesis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan tema utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keheningan merupakan fenomena multidimensional yang dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara faktor intrapersonal dan interpersonal. Keheningan dapat berfungsi sebagai strategi regulasi emosi, mencerminkan dinamika kekuasaan dalam kelompok, serta dipengaruhi oleh tingkat keamanan psikologis dan kohesivitas kelompok. Dalam konteks tertentu, keheningan bersifat konstruktif sebagai ruang refleksi, tetapi dalam kondisi lain dapat menjadi bentuk perlindungan diri akibat tekanan sosial. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya membangun keamanan psikologis dan kohesivitas kelompok, mengembangkan sensitivitas terhadap makna keheningan, serta mengintegrasikan keheningan sebagai bagian dari strategi intervensi dalam konseling kelompok.
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