Artificial Intelligence dalam Bimbingan dan Konseling: Tinjauan Sistematis tentang Peluang, Efektivitas, dan Isu Etis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37304/pandohop.v6i1.25222Kata Kunci:
artificial intelligence, bimbingan dan konseling, cybercounseling, efektivitas layanan digital, isu etisAbstrak
Kesehatan mental remaja dan dewasa muda di lingkungan pendidikan menunjukkan urgensi yang semakin tinggi, sementara layanan bantuan psikologis konvensional belum selalu mampu menjawab kebutuhan secara cepat, fleksibel, dan luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis peluang pemanfaatan artificial intelligence (AI) dalam bimbingan dan konseling, menelaah efektivitas layanan berbasis AI dan digital, serta memetakan isu-isu etis yang menyertainya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan systematic literature review (SLR) dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA 2020 terhadap artikel-artikel yang diterbitkan pada periode 2021–2025. Hasil penelusuran awal menemukan 87 artikel. Setelah melalui tahap identifikasi, penyaringan, dan penilaian kelayakan, sebanyak 19 artikel dipilih untuk dianalisis menggunakan narrative thematic synthesis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tiga tema utama, yaitu: (1) peluang AI dalam memperluas akses, meningkatkan personalisasi, dan mendorong efisiensi layanan; (2) efektivitas layanan digital seperti cybercounseling, chatbot, dan model hibrida AI-manusia dalam menurunkan masalah psikologis tertentu; serta (3) dominannya isu etis yang mencakup privasi data, bias algoritmik, keamanan informasi, dan kesiapan profesional konselor. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa AI paling tepat diposisikan sebagai mitra strategis yang mendukung layanan konseling humanistik, bukan sebagai pengganti penuh bagi konselor manusia.
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Referensi
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 wikan galuh widyarto, Dony Apriatama, Dian Ari Widyastuti, Hardi Prasetiawan, Dzinnun Hadi, Rizky Andana Pohan
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